The Key Techniques of Cultivating Yellow Mushroom on Elm Wood
The elm yellow mushroom can be planted with sawdust, bean stalks or corncobs, etc., or it can be planted with elm wood segments as round logs. The growth period of yellow elm mushrooms in bags is short and the yield is high, but the color of yellow mushrooms is lighter and the taste is slightly worse; while the growth cycle of yellow mushrooms on logs is long, the color of yellow mushrooms is dark yellow, the taste is delicious, and the taste is good. Now there are perennial elm trees in front of and behind houses in rural areas, and individual elm trees will gradually die even if they are not cut down when they are in the peak period of disease and insect pests. Therefore, farmers can use the elm trees in the front and back of the house that have reached the felling period to cultivate elm yellow mushrooms. If there are many elms, the round logs can be cultivated on a large scale, and they can be sold on the market after the mushrooms are produced, so as to increase farmers' income. The following introduces in detail the key techniques for cultivating yellow mushrooms on elm wood:
Select the elm wood section felled in the year, and the moisture content of the wood section is required to be between 40% and 42%. If the water content of the wood section is lower than 38%, the survival rate of the wood section inoculation is low, and the dead bacteria rate is high. The wood section of cultivated elm yellow mushroom is 0.5-0.8 meters long and 20-35 centimeters in diameter. If the diameter of the wood section is too small, the bark is easy to fall off during inoculation, the yield is low, and the economic benefit is poor.
Log-cultivated yellow elm mushrooms can be isolated from wild yellow mushrooms, and can also be purchased at the local edible fungi research institute. The color of the fruit body of the isolated wild ulm yellow fungus is dark yellow, which is similar to that of the wild ulm yellow fungus; when the purchased ulm yellow fungus comes out, the fruit body is light yellow in color.
Cultivated ulm yellow mushrooms are generally inoculated from late April to late May, that is, when the outdoor temperature at night is above 10°C and the maximum temperature during the day does not exceed 30°C. Early inoculation has a low survival rate, and late inoculation has a high contamination rate. The inoculation should be carried out in sunny or cloudy days, and in windless days; inoculation in windy and rainy days, the pollution rate of wood sections is high, and the yield of yellow elm mushrooms is low.
Cultivated elm yellow mushrooms on logs can be drilled and inoculated with electric drills. Before inoculation, the electric drill and strains are wiped and disinfected with 0.15% potassium permanganate aqueous solution, and then drill holes according to the plant spacing of 15-20 cm and the row spacing of 8-10 cm, with a diameter of 1.2-1.5 cm and a hole depth of 1.5-2 cm. Then break the ulm yellow fungus into small pieces by hand and stuff them into the hole, and finally seal the hole with a bark cover of the corresponding specification. It is also possible to cut a round log with a diameter of more than 25 cm into short sections of 50-60 cm, then dig a ditch 5-10 cm deep and 60-80 cm wide on the fungus ground, and put the short section of wood into the ditch. Put the fungus of the elm yellow fungus into the short section of wood and the cross section of the short section of wood, then put a layer of leaves on the log, and then cover it with soil for 3-5 cm.
After inoculation, the wood sections are stacked in the shape of a "well" with a height of 0.8 meters, and covered with plastic film to prevent rain. Generally, 40-45 days after inoculation, an inverting is performed. Inverting is to put the lower wood section on the upper layer, and put the middle wood section outside to ensure that the inside and outside, and the top and bottom are consistent, and the mushrooms will be produced at the same time. Generally 50-60 days after the germination, the mushrooms will appear. After 60 days, the wood segment buried in the ditch will develop fungus, and it will be 15-20 days after digging out the field to produce mushrooms.