Analysis of the Failure Causes of Tremella Planted in Bags
Due to the short growth cycle of bag-grown white fungus, and the fact that it is a mesophilic constant-temperature fruiting fungus, the biological characteristics of the mixture of the two kinds of mycelia are unique. If there is a slight negligence in management, it will lead to underproduction or total loss of harvest. The analysis of the reasons for the technical failures in various places is as follows: the bacteria bag matrix is not good. Serious bacteria contamination after inoculation is mainly due to incomplete sterilization of material bags; poor quality of material bags with many pinholes, resulting in serious pollution; and also due to excessive moisture in the preparation of culture materials, slow growth of bacteria caused contamination by bacteria; The bagging time of the mixing material is prolonged, the bag temperature is high, the microorganisms are active, the material becomes rancid, and the bacteria cannot eat the material and colonize.
1. Improper cultivation season
Spring and autumn are suitable for indoor cultivation of white fungus under natural temperature conditions, but some cultivators blindly advance or delay inoculation. Especially in autumn, the temperature is unstable, especially when the mycelium is damaged by high temperature, which affects the ears and yield.
2. Vaccination control is lax
The inoculation room and tools are not thoroughly sterilized, and the environment around the inoculation room is poor or close to the food brewing factory; the operator's clothes are mixed into the room; the inoculation is not in accordance with the requirements of aseptic operation, resulting in bacterial contamination.
3. The temperature control of bacteria is not good
The first 3 days after Tremella inoculation is the germination period, and 4-12 days is the growth period. The temperature requirement is that the germination period should not exceed 30°C, and the growth period should not exceed 28°C. Some growers do not have a good grasp of this limit temperature scale. When planting bacteria in autumn, they do not take measures such as loosening bags to dissipate heat. In the cold spring, the mycelia were not heated in time, so that the hyphae were kept at low temperature for a long time, and as a result, white mucus was spit out from the acupoints, which directly affected the ears and production.
4. Delay in opening and expanding acupoints
The appropriate bacterial age for the opening of the bacteria bag to increase oxygen is usually divided into: about 10 days for the small opening, tear off the tape after 2-3 days, After another 2 days, cut the film and expand the acupoints, and the three processes will take 15-16 days. If it is completed at one time, the bacterial age will be 14-15 days. Cultivators often procrastinate in opening and expanding holes, which leads to severe hypoxia of mycelium in the bag, resulting in weak growth, difficulty in or uneven ear production, and underproduction.
5. Excessive water spray humidification
After the fungus bag was opened and covered with oxygen, the water was not sprayed in time, the bag breathed vigorously, the water evaporated quickly, the mycelium at the hole mouth was dry, and the primordium was difficult to form. Some cultivators, as soon as they see the formation of the original base, carry out the direct spraying of the black fungus to wash away the original base. Tremella primordium is one grain or one flower, and excessive water spraying will affect the ear yield and young ears; in addition, the door is closed and sprayed with water, and the ventilation is poor, causing mold to break out and the ears are rotten; There is less water, and the bottom layer is too wet, causing the upper and lower layers to be uneven, and even the upper layer lacks water, and the fruiting bodies are stunted.
6. Poor shed structure
Tremella is cultivated in old houses, mostly with a single door, lack of windows, and no air convection. Therefore, the ventilation near the door is good, and the long ears are excellent, while the long ears near the inside are poor. Some cultivation rooms do not have ventilation windows above, and after spraying and humidifying, the water vapor rises, and the drops flow and gather on the ear bags on the top layer of the cultivation frame, causing the top layer of bacteria bags to rot.
7. Poor strain quality
The strains themselves are impure, containing miscellaneous bacteria or viruses, especially actinomycetes, which are mixed in the strains. After inoculation, the germination power is extremely strong, overwhelming the white fungus hyphae, so that the ears cannot be produced; Due to the degeneration of incense ash hyphae, the initial trend after inoculation is normal, showing black, and gradually fades to white in the middle and disappears, so that the whole batch does not appear; There is also an imbalance in the ratio of the two kinds of mycelium during the seed production process, and the hyphae of the incense ash is too prosperous, while the mycelium of the white fungus is suppressed, resulting in slow or low rate of ear production.
8. Insect control is not timely
Before the fungus bag was opened and the cloth was torn off, no pesticides were sprayed. After the opening, the mites drilled into the hole to bite and eat the mycelia, and could not get out of the ears. There are also some doors and windows without screens, especially when the primordium differentiates into young ears in spring. Crowds of baby mosquitoes fly in from the window, and the reproduction rate is extremely high. They lay eggs at the mouth of the cave and form larvae, which drill into the cave and eat mycelia, resulting in batch failure.